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Analysis of stiffness and flexural strength of a reinforced concrete beam using an invented reinforcement system

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Martin HUSEK, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Kaywan Othman AHMED, Diyako DILSHAD, Ibrahim KHIDR

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 378-389 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0706-z

Abstract: In this study, we conducted experimental tests on two specimens of reinforced concrete beams using a three-point bending test to optimize the flexure and stiffness designs. The first specimen is a reinforced concrete beam with an ordinary reinforcement, and the second specimen has an invented reinforcement system that consists of an ordinary reinforcement in addition to three additional bracings using steel bars and steel plates. The results of the flexure test were collected and analyzed, and the flexural strength, the rate of damage during bending, and the stiffness were determined. Finite element modeling was applied for both specimens using the LS-DYNA program, and the simulation results of the flexure test for the same outputs were determined. The results of the experimental tests showed that the flexural strength of the invented reinforcement system was significantly enhanced by 15.5% compared to the ordinary system. Moreover, the flexural cracks decreased to a significant extent, manifesting extremely small and narrow cracks in the flexure spread along the bottom face of the concrete. In addition, the maximum deflection for the invented reinforced concrete beam decreased to 1/3 compared to that of an ordinary reinforced concrete beam. The results were verified through numerical simulations, which demonstrated excellent similarities between the flexural failure and the stiffness of the beam. The invented reinforcement system exhibited a high capability in boosting the flexure design and stiffness.

Keywords： three-point flexure test     softening stage     flexural crack     flexural strain    

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Correlation between tension softening relation and crack extension resistance in concrete

Xiufang ZHANG , Shilang XU ,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 323-329 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0041-2

Abstract: The crack extension resistance is then a function of the softening curve, which is a basic mechanicalThe relationship between the softening curve and the crack extension resistance curve is then analyzedthe crack extension resistance curve is closely related to the characteristic point on used tension softening

Keywords： concrete     fracture process zone     crack extension GR resistance     tension softening curve    

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Soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil slopes

ZHAN Liangtong

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 198-204 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0023-1

Abstract: field inspection of rainwater infiltration and comprehensive experiments, including wetting-induced softeningInfiltration of rainwater not only results in wetting-induced softening of the shallow unsaturated soil

Keywords： strength     intensive soil-water     comprehensive     Infiltration     wetting-induced softening    

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Forward osmosis coupled with lime-soda ash softening for volume minimization of reverse osmosis

Jiandong Lu, Shijie You, Xiuheng Wang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1301-6

Abstract: Abstract • Forward osmosis (FO) coupled with chemical softening for CCI ROC minimization • Effectiveremoval of scale precursor ions by lime-soda ash softening • Enhanced water recovery from 54% to 86%by mitigation of FO membrane scaling • High-purity CaCO3 was recovered from the softening sludge • MembraneTo address this issue, in this study, we focused on coupling forward osmosis (FO) with chemical softeningIn addition, CaCO3 (92.2% purity) was recovered from the softening sludge with an average yield of 5.6

Keywords： Coal chemical industry     Forward osmosis     Chemical softening     Reverse osmosis concentrate    

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Strengthening and Softening of Ferrite+Pearlite Steels Produced by Thin Slab Casting and Rolling

Fu Jie,Wu Huajie,Liu Yangchun

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 65-72

Abstract: justify;">Based on the principle of the integrated strengthening of steel, the strengthening and the softening

Keywords： HSLC steel     strengthening     softening     basal plate for cold rolling     super steel    

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Compressor performance of two-stage turbocharging system

HE Yituan, MA Chaochen, WEI Mingshan, ZHU Zhifu, HE Yituan

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2008, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 218-221 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0027-0

Abstract: To study the performance of high and low stage compressors and that of the system as a whole, a two-stageturbocharging system was matched, and a special two-stage turbocharging system test bench was built.For each test curve, the speeds of the two stage turbochargers were adjusted to the fixed data, and amany differences between the corrected mass flow and the actual mass flow of the high pressure (HP) stageThe system can get very high supercharging pressure when the speeds of the two stage turbochargers are

Keywords： special two-stage     HP     performance experiment     reliability     actual supercharging    

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Two-stage stochastic programming with robust constraints for the logistics network post-disruption response

Frontiers of Engineering Management   Pages 67-81 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0240-2

Abstract: address the LN post-disruption response strategy optimization problem, this study proposes a novel two-stage

Keywords： logistics network design     post-disruption response strategy     two-stage stochastic programming     conditional    

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Efficiency measurement for mixed two-stage nonhomogeneous network processes with shared extra intermediate

Qingxian AN, Xuyang LIU, Shijie DING

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 259-274 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0080-x

Abstract: This study proposes a data-driven, mixed two-stage network data envelopment analysis model.

Keywords： shared resource allocation     mixed two-stage system     data envelopment analysis     efficiency    

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Modified landfill gas generation rate model of first-order kinetics and two-stage reaction

Jiajun CHEN , Hao WANG , Na ZHANG ,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 313-319 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0025-4

Abstract: The first-order kinetics and two-stage reaction (FKTSR) model of the LFG generation rate includes mechanismsmodified FKTSR model, including the LFG production potential (), the reaction rate constant in the first stage(), and the reaction rate constant in the second stage () of 64.746 L, 0.202 d, and 0.338&

Keywords： landfill gas (LFG)     generation rate model     first-order kinetics     two-stage reaction     outflow function    

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Exergy analysis of multi-stage crude distillation units

Xingang LI, Canwei LIN, Lei WANG, Hong LI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 437-446 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1349-y

Abstract: This paper aims to investigate the multi-stage effect on crude distillation units (CDUs) in thermodynamicsIn this regard, we proposed three-, four-, five-, and six-stage CDU processes with all variables constrainedWhen the exergy losses in heat exchangers are disregarded, the three- and four-stage CDUs have lowerexergy losses than the five- and six-stage CDUs.

Keywords： exergy     exergy loss     crude oil distillation     multi-stage     energy saving    

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Discussion on back-to-back two-stage centrifugal compressor compact design techniques

Lei HUO, Huoxing LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 390-400 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0278-2

Abstract:

Design a small flow back-to-back two-stage centrifugal compressor in the aviation turbocharger, theTherefore, the stationary part of the back-to-back two-stage centrifugal compressor should pay full attention

Keywords： back-to-back     two-stage     centrifugal compressor     design     Internal flow    

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Simulating multiphase flow in a two-stage pusher centrifuge using computational fluid dynamics

Chong PANG, Wei TAN, Endian SHA, Yuanqing TAO, Liyan LIU

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 329-338 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1205-5

Abstract: The design of two-stage pusher centrifuges have developed rapidly, but a good understanding of the theoryresults show that this simulation method could be an effective tool to optimize the design of the two-stage

Keywords： two-stage pusher centrifuge     multiphase flow     CFD     dynamic mesh     porous media    

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Sustainability performance analysis of environment innovation systems using a two-stage network DEA model

Frontiers of Engineering Management   Pages 425-438 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0205-5

Abstract: Investigations on environmental innovation system performance constantly assume a single-stage independentA two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is developed in this study to analyze the efficiency

Keywords： envelopment analysis     environmental efficiency     environmental innovation system     shared resources     two-stage    

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Removal of odors and VOCs in municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment plants using a novel three-stage

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1421-7

Abstract:

A novel three-stage integrated biofilter (TSIBF) composed of acidophilic

Keywords： Biofiltration     Multi-stage biofilter     Volatile organic compounds     Waste gas treatment     Bioaerosol emissions    

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Mechatronic design of a novel linear compliant positioning stage with large travel range and high out-of-plane

Hua LIU, Xin XIE, Ruoyu TAN, Lianchao ZHANG, Dapeng FAN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 265-278 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0453-y

Abstract: proposed in previous studies are mainly designed by considering only a single performance indicator of the stageIn this study, a 2-degree-of-freedom linear compliant positioning stage (LCPS) is developed by mechatronicdesign to balance the interacting performance indicators and realize the desired positioning stage.The analytical model of the stage is confirmed by experiments.dimension of the stage.

Keywords： mechatronic design     linear compliant positioning stage     large travel range     high out-of-plane payload capacity    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Analysis of stiffness and flexural strength of a reinforced concrete beam using an invented reinforcement system

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Martin HUSEK, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Kaywan Othman AHMED, Diyako DILSHAD, Ibrahim KHIDR

Journal Article

Correlation between tension softening relation and crack extension resistance in concrete

Xiufang ZHANG , Shilang XU ,

Journal Article

Soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil slopes

ZHAN Liangtong

Journal Article

Forward osmosis coupled with lime-soda ash softening for volume minimization of reverse osmosis

Jiandong Lu, Shijie You, Xiuheng Wang

Journal Article

Strengthening and Softening of Ferrite+Pearlite Steels Produced by Thin Slab Casting and Rolling

Fu Jie,Wu Huajie,Liu Yangchun

Journal Article

Compressor performance of two-stage turbocharging system

HE Yituan, MA Chaochen, WEI Mingshan, ZHU Zhifu, HE Yituan

Journal Article

Two-stage stochastic programming with robust constraints for the logistics network post-disruption response

Journal Article

Efficiency measurement for mixed two-stage nonhomogeneous network processes with shared extra intermediate

Qingxian AN, Xuyang LIU, Shijie DING

Journal Article

Modified landfill gas generation rate model of first-order kinetics and two-stage reaction

Jiajun CHEN , Hao WANG , Na ZHANG ,

Journal Article

Exergy analysis of multi-stage crude distillation units

Xingang LI, Canwei LIN, Lei WANG, Hong LI

Journal Article

Discussion on back-to-back two-stage centrifugal compressor compact design techniques

Lei HUO, Huoxing LIU

Journal Article

Simulating multiphase flow in a two-stage pusher centrifuge using computational fluid dynamics

Chong PANG, Wei TAN, Endian SHA, Yuanqing TAO, Liyan LIU

Journal Article

Sustainability performance analysis of environment innovation systems using a two-stage network DEA model

Journal Article

Removal of odors and VOCs in municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment plants using a novel three-stage

Journal Article

Mechatronic design of a novel linear compliant positioning stage with large travel range and high out-of-plane

Hua LIU, Xin XIE, Ruoyu TAN, Lianchao ZHANG, Dapeng FAN

Journal Article